The Indiana State Fire Marshal is an appointed position by the governor, who also serves as the director of the Fire and Building Safety Division of the Indiana Department of Homeland Security (IDHS). This division is dedicated to promoting and cultivating a strong search and rescue community in Indiana, by providing training programs for K-9 search, rescue, technical rescue, and search management. Additionally, IDHS and the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) are actively collecting and disposing of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) foam from Indiana fire agencies. In order to understand climate change and other environmental processes, as well as to promote sustainable land management in the face of climate change, desertification, land degradation, and food insecurity, Integrated Landscape Management (ILK) plays a positive role.
Table 7.1 shows the hazards derived from interactions between land, climate, and society identified in previous chapters or other IPCC reports; the regions exposed or to be exposed to these hazards; the components of land-climate systems and societies vulnerable to danger; the risk associated with these impacts; and indicative policy responses available. At high levels of warming, climate change can become the main driver of fire risk in extratropics. Fire management strategies include fire extinguishing, prescribed mechanical and fire treatments (such as reducing canopy), and allowing wildfires with little or no active management. In New Zealand, a combination of dynamic adaptive pathways and a form of real options analysis with decision analysis with multiple criteria has enabled incorporating risk changes over time into evaluating adaptation options through a participatory learning process.
In SSP1, sustainability in land management, agricultural intensification, and production and consumption patterns reduce the need for agricultural land despite increased per capita food consumption. Peer-reviewed empirical studies focusing on corruption, funding, and climate interventions—particularly at local level—are rare due to difficulties investigating illegal and clandestine activities. Moreover, extreme changes in rainfall can reduce forests' capacity to provide groundwater regulation and maintenance services. In addition to nutrition-related risks outlined in Figure 7.1, climate change can affect human health through extreme heat/cold, changes in infectious diseases, extreme events, and land cover/use.
Fire suppression can degrade effectiveness of wildfire management in long term. Box 5 of Chapter 3 provides more detailed review of instruments against drought and three comprehensive policy approaches to responding to drought. In SSP3, transition from moderate risk to high risk occurs in range 1.2°C to 1.5°C (average confidence), while transition from high risk to very high risk is in range 1.5°C to 2.8°C (average confidence). The Howard County Fire Department is committed to ensuring safety and compliance for all citizens through its comprehensive approach.
